Pre-Booking The Crafft

Question: Talk about the CRAFFT, understanding circumstance and plan of care. Answer: The CRAFFT CRAFFT is an instrument for clinical evaluation intended for the screening of the dangers of substance related issues in teenagers. CRAFFT represents the six things of the evaluation Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble. It comprises of a lot of survey, which comprises of 9 things. Initial three inquiries assess the medication and liquor use in the previous year and the staying six inquiries assess the circumstances of medication or liquor utilization and their results. The CRAFFT can be met by the clinician or can be a self report set of polls. This instrument is utilized to recognize the hazard power for the confusion of substance issue and legitimizes if further evaluation is required. Article Review According to the exploration work led by Skogen et al. (2013), the psychometric properties were inspected for the CRAFFT polls. The teenagers of Norway estimated the simultaneous legitimacy for illegal medication misuse and liquor utilization. Information from the study of ung@hordaland was utilized. The proportions of simultaneous legitimacy were dictated by hitting the bottle hard, liquor utilization and medication use. A straight relationship of these boundaries with CRAFFT score was set up for both the genders. The result of this examination demonstrated acceptable outcomes for simultaneous legitimacy and the psychometric properties were seen as sufficient. In any case, since the assurance of a cut point for appropriate outcomes was not accessible, further examination was recommended. Kandemir et al. (2015) directed an examination to approve the symptomatic trial of CRAFFT on a gathering of young people of Turkey. 124 teenagers partook in the examination and self-organization of CRAFFT was done. The normal age of the members was seen as 16.653 years and with a score of at least two in the part B, issues of substance reliance among the young people were seen as ideal for location. In this way, the result of the examination was seen as fulfilling for the utilization of CRAFFT as a solid and substantial instrument for the recognizable proof of danger of substance maltreatment among the Turkish pre-adult populace. Understanding Situation This is the contextual analysis of a 17-year kid named John. He went to the facility with a physical issue of the leg because of tumbling from the flight of stairs. A CRAFFT investigation was performed on John. He answered that he was riding with somebody in a vehicle who was drinking (Car). He likewise expressed that even he drinks regularly to unwind or celebrating with his companions (Relax). He was additionally in an issue once due to drinking (Trouble). Consequently, the all out score of John was three. From the above perceptions, it was very certain that John was at a high danger of the confusion of liquor misuse. Further, follow up questions and their answer by John set up this hazard boundary (Sacco et al., 2014). Plan of Care The drinking propensity for John was very concerning. Children and teenagers enduring power outages because of liquor utilization regularly create liquor reliance at a later stage. So John was carefully encouraged to totally quit drinking for his great wellbeing. Legitimate and solid eating regimen was additionally suggested with a couple of prescriptions for the injury help. A subsequent gathering was fixed in about a month to check the patient wellbeing and further conversation on the dangers of liquor utilization, whenever required. John promptly consented to keep away from liquor utilization and marked a restraint challenge structure the doctor. References H, K., , A., S, E., S, S., SB, K., H, B. (2015). Legitimacy and dependability of the turkish form of CRAFFT substance misuse screening test among adolescents.Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment,2015, 1505-1509. Sacco, P., Bright, C. L., Springer, J. (2014). Contextual investigation 1㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ 5 THE CASE OF AUNDRIA: TREATING SUBSTANCE ABUSE DURING ADOLESCENCE USING CBT AND MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING.Case Studies in Child, Adolescent, and Family Treatment, 72. Skogen, J. C., Be, T., Knudsen, A. K., Hysing, M. (2013). Psychometric properties and simultaneous legitimacy of the CRAFFT among norwegian teenagers. Ung@hordaland, a populace based study.Addictive Behaviors,38(10), 2500-2505. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.05.002

Financial Management ABC Motors Limited

Question: Examine about the Financial Managementfor ABC Motors Limited. Answer: To the Board of Directors of ABC Motors Limited In this report a total utterly unyielding examination has been set up over the best reasonableness of money related assets for ABC Motors Ltd. This organization is managing in import and fares of good for the duration of the time. Presently so as to make improvement in its business working CFO is required to get ready archives to manage the Board of executives to talk about the most ideal methods of subsidizing. Be that as it may, there are a few choices for example long terms obligations, debenture issues, new offer issues, or other blended offers thereof. Financing is expected to improve a business working and incline it up to productivity. There are a few alternatives for ABC Motors Ltd according to existing states of Australian market section. (Value Financing) Issue of new Shares ABC engines ltd has been giving import and fare business for the duration of the time and with the assistance of its worldwide image picture it could without much of a stretch issues share in the market to raise capital. As organization is going to give its offer just because (Initial open offer) which would expand organization brand picture and give a few advantages. It will likewise result into trading a segment of the responsibility for business for money related venture reason. Be that as it may, because of languid state of Australian market ABC Motors Limited needs to recruit guarantor for going into agreement of endorsing. Likewise, work turnover rate has additionally declined in the organization. In this way organization should issues Employee investment opportunity plot for raising capital (Kaihatsu Kurozumi, (2014). Issue of Debentures Debentures are the security which is given to collect certain measure of cash structure the market at the specific financing cost. In a perfect world this is ideal for the organization which pays high measure of assessment. ABC Motors Limited could likewise utilize this alternative to raise capital from the market as the premium payable to debenture will be qualified for the reasoning for the expense reason (Seng Lai, (2010). Long haul Debts ABC Motors Limited is maintaining its import and fare business for quite a while. According to the accessible data it is discovered that banks figures for yield development and swelling rate are less factor and obligations financing is additionally accessible at extremely minimal effort (Kiran, et., al., (2014). Blended Offers ABC Motors Limited could separate its segment of capital prerequisite in a few sections. So as to begin another task organization needs to make speculation of $ 8,000,000. In this manner Board of executives of ABC Motors Limited should separate its bit of capital in two distinct fragments. Executives could raise $ 4,000,000 structure issue of debentures as it would yield tax cuts to association and rest $ 4,000,000 could be raised by issue of offer to open and representatives (Pure money related sees the incentive behind arranging (2011). Rent It is the understanding between two gatherings lesser and renter to utilize plants and hardware for certain timeframe. Preferably in this, a fixed measure of portion as a lease is paid to proprietor for the utilization of benefits. As the Australian economic situation and land business is delineating lazy business conditions especially in eastern capital urban communities. In this manner ABC Motors Ltd could utilize this procedure to back its plants and apparatus in decided methodology. Organization could utilize two sorts of rent working lease and money related rent (Taheri., et., al., 2014). Investment It is the cash placed into an undertakings which may all be lost if new task comes up short. The executives of the organization must agreement with the investor who could put resources into this recently distinguished undertaking. They are exceptionally technocrat speculators and prepared to face high challenge so as to gain high benefit (PeConga, (2010). Best alternative to decide to back the new venture (Combination of Equity financing and debenture reserves) ABC Motors Ltd being occupied with import and fare business ought to think about blend of capital raising arrangement. With the given data it is seen that Inflation pace of Australia is very low and economy is developing at extremely moderate rate. In this way ABC Motors Ltd should issues $ 4,000,000 from starting open proposal to overall population and workers also. It will end up being a notice procedure for its recently evolved arrangement. Notwithstanding this it will fortify its picture in the brains of overall population. Likewise, for sparing expense organization should issues debentures of $ 4,000,000 in the market. The cost of ware in the market has risen radically accordingly financial specialists would be increasingly disposed toward buying securities and debentures in the market. In addition, the current states of Australian market delineates that budgetary banks are prepared to loan at low financing cost for advantageous reason. There are different statistical data point s which are supporting ABC engines Ltd to issues debentures in the market for example The expense of capital will be extremely low as enthusiasm on debenture could be set out exceptionally low because of financial state of market and simple accessibility of assets. Raising capital through issue of debentures is qualified for the finding for charge sparing reason. It will build the measure of money inflow for the ABC Motors Ltd for its business working. Also, organization should issues its offer to its workers too so as to set up a nexus between companys development and representatives government assistance (WATSON, (2013). New task of ABC Motors Limited $8,000,000 Issue of offers to workers and overall population ( Initial open offers ) $4,000,000 Issue of debentures to exploit tax reductions $4,000,000 Presently one might say that there are different alternatives accessible for the associations to raise fund. ABC Motors ought not deteriorate with just a single alternative to back its undertaking. It should make bifurcation in its capital necessity to fund its new undertaking from various choices to harvest a few favorable circumstances. References Kaihatsu, S., Kurozumi, T. (2014). Wellsprings of business changes: Financial or innovation shocks?Review of Economic Dynamics,17(2), 224-242. doi:10.1016/j.red.2013.08.001 Kiran, R. S., Singh, V. K. (2014). Instructions to make the money related examination a simple assignment A similar investigation between the conventional and the advanced approach?International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications,4(8), 61-66. PeConga, G. (2008). Novel arranging open doors for money related consultants to exclusive ESOP companies.Journal of Financial Service Professionals,62(5), 73. Unadulterated budgetary sees the incentive behind arranging: Financial arranging organization puts time in customers. (2011).San Diego Business Journal,32(40), S13. Seng, J., Lai, J. T. (2010). An astute data division way to deal with remove monetary information for business valuation.Expert Systems with Applications,37(9), 6515-6530. doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2010.02.134 Taheri Sanjani, M. MTaheri2014, Money related Frictions and Sources of Business Cycle,IMF Working Papers,vol. 14, no. 194, pp. 1. Vera-Colina, M. A., Rodrguez-Medina, G., Melgarejo-Molina, Z. (2011). Money related arranging and access to financing in little and mediumsized organizations in the venezuelan assembling sector.Innovar,21(42), 99-112. WATSON, M. (2013). the government assistance state wellsprings of bank unsteadiness: Displacing the states of government assistance state monetary emergency under weights of macroeconomic financialization.Public Administration,91(4), 855-870. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9299.2012.02069.x

Why the Louisiana Never Recoverd From The Civil War Term Paper

Why the Louisiana Never Recoverd From The Civil War - Term Paper Example The repercussions of the Civil War was heartbreaking and eleven states out of the association were standing by to be readmissioned. The War had crushed the economy of the South and had depleted the sources required for fixing the dispensed harm. The land was spotted with white shelters meandering looking for nourishment and minimum essentials of life. Then again, innumerable Blacks who were finally free were either running with their lords or fleeing from their lords towards the lines of the Union. The remainder of the 4,000,000 people were caught up with testing their recently obtained opportunity. The consequential convulsions of United States common war during the mid 1960s were felt long after the occurrence. It reshaped the very center of the social structure on which the general public existed. The occasions and mayhem of the common war can be contended as significant impacts on the later results that changed this country into what it reflects today. In spite of the fact that, the war struck all the conditions of the area, Louisiana being a significant state in the southern locale was influenced seriously in the hands of this gigantic unforeseen development. Its significance was because of its key area with an exchange port. Orleans, a city of Louisiana was greatest in the southern area and furnished with heaps of labor to the government armed force to battle in the war.

Essay Topics for Fourth Grade Can Be Fun for Everyone

Essay Topics for Fourth Grade Can Be Fun for Everyone Where to carry out research Where you decide to perform your research rides on this issue you decide to write about. In several of the topics, you may look up the effects and consider the causes and vice versa. When you select a cause and effect topic, it needs to be something that you either know well or are interested in knowing more about. The topic ought to be something upon which there's a fair difference of opinion. School should occur in the evenings. Textbooks ought to be free. Wellness is something which all of us have to be concerned about. School tests aren't effective. How to Get Started with Essay Topics for Fourth Grade? Ideally, if you're utilizing the web to find information then you wish to ensure the websites are reputable and can offer verifiable details. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, together with make sure you are getting the very best service our business can deliver. Our courses can be finished on nearly any gadget. These self-paced, online courses are made to let you concentrate on any portion of the test that you want without worrying about finishing a full class. The Characteristics of Essay Topics for Fourth Grade Although some say completely free public transportation would assist the environment and cut back traffic, others think no cost public transportation is too costly, and the government can't afford to cover it. There are several things that may be discussed in regards to education. If you need an example written by means of a student check out our vast group of absolutely free student models. Students also utilized the debate section of the on-line issues. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Essay Topics for Fourth Grade Is Wrong Creating a brief essay is tantamount to getting a topic that could be well conceptualized. Before you're able to write a persuasive essay you have t o comprehend what is required of you. The argument essay is a typical writing assignment typically sometimes you're assigned a particular topic and a particular side whatever. How to compose an expository essay. Making up good narrative essay topics sounds like it would be somewhat easy, but it isn't as easy as you might think. Write an essay explaining what you are able to do to earn the money. As tempting as it might appear to skip past the extra info and go right to the list of persuasive essay topics, don't do it. Explain the importance of the topic. Essay Topics for Fourth Grade - the Conspiracy How to consider topic ideas There are a variety of approaches to think about topic ideas, such as brainstorming or even looking at prewritten papers which have been completed by students before. With all these things to argue about and for, it may be a bit overwhelming to produce a topic by yourself. Before students begin to write, it is a fantastic idea for them to earn a list of the points they wish to make to their readers. Explore the next fascinating topics. You might discover something that you can use, or something you may adapt for the particular guidelines of your paper. If you want to print your own copy, just click the image. A great part of a five-paragraph paper may also be determined by how each paragraph is developed. Overview of 300 creative writing folder, like a whole lot of top. A Secret Weapon for Essay Topics for Fourth Grade Write a story about something fun which you did with friends and family during the summertime. Explain how your favourite music affects the way that you feel. Persuade your friend to follow your favourite band or maybe to read your favourite book. Simply take the time now to read more on the topic of persuasive writing. The Ultimate Essay Topics for Fourth Grade Trick Recycling should be mandatory for everybody. Yearly driving tests ought to be mandatory over a specific age. They should be mandatory for the first five years after getting a license. Things You Should Know About Essay To pics for Fourth Grade Imagine your elderly neighbor is out at 3 a.m. nightly, digging inside her flower garden. Persuade your parents to enable you to own a friend stay the evening. Persuade your sister or brother to assist you talk your parents into something you would like to do. Apart from all the normal subjects, there are specific other crucial skills that kids will need to develop. Some feel parents ought to be allowed to provide permission for their minor children to acquire tattoos, since they are making the decision for their own children. Imagine your teacher is truly your parent. Choosing our service, you will understand that studying can be simple if you gain from the help of competent experts. As you pay for homework, we provide those options at no cost. When it's our own health or the well-being of a loved one, there are numerous things to consider and research on. Look at these suggestions to compose a creative commons.

Dis Engagement Theory And The Active Theory - 2072 Words

Within this essay I am going to talk about the two theories which are the dis-engagement theory and the active theory these two theories are for and against each other and also argue which theory is best suited for adult’s life and development. Socio Dis-engagement theory shows that the ageing claims that elderly people are disengaged from society and social role models due to their inevitability of death. However disengagement theorists have said that that elderly people begin to disengage themselves from previous social groups realising that they will die in the near future. Moreover the people from the dis engagement theories were one of the first theorists of ageing that were developed and acknowledged by social scientist. These theories were developed and processed by Elaine Cumming and Warren Earl Henry in 1961. Therefore the dis-engagement theory of ageing have stated that you cannot stop age it is inevitable (Robert Havighurst) In addition the views of disengagement theory views their ageing as a mutual withdrawal that the process between ageing person and the social system of which they belong such as gradual withdrawal from society. However the theory viewed that this theory is positive and right way for elderly because it is an age increased reflection that helps self-decreased emotional investment in people and events. They also believe that adults isolate themselves from society and think that it will not affect them through their li9fe stages. They alsoShow MoreRelatedUniversal Design for Learning Essay1574 Words   |  7 Pagesexpression, and engagement. (CAST, 2013, para.1) Together these principles share one goal in providing students with a wider variety of options in their learning. As Educators, whether it’s â€Å"addressing individual differences in our students recognition, strategic, or affective networks, we can provide the best support by individualizing pathways to learning† (Meyer Rose, 2002, n.p). This report will pay attention to the three principle’s of UDL, by understanding strategies of theories and applyingRead MoreImpact Of Student Motivation And Student Engagement1520 Words   |  7 PagesImpact on Student Motivation and Student Engagement According to Legault and Green-Demers (2006), one of the most salient academic problems beleaguering today’s students is a lack of motivation toward learning. While education is compulsory, and educators work diligently to create and implement academically appropriate lessons, students, year after year, lack the desire and motivation to participate in academic tasks required to prepare them for the 21st-century world. The lack of student motivationRead MoreThe Relationship Between Narcissism And The Frequency Of Active Usage Of Instagram1546 Words   |  7 PagesInstagram) and narcissism. It is therefore quite in order to explicitly establish an appropriate technique of variable determination and hypothesis testing to effectively address the concern of the relationship between narcissism and the frequency of active usage of Instagram (Ames Anderson, 2006). Most previous researches have presented an objective opinion that a variety of social networking behaviors conceptual izes the notion of Narcissism. The concept of gender disparity and age differences haveRead MoreAn Integral Theory Of Consciousness Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesAn Integral Theory of Consciousness and RR Ken Wilber (1997) reviewed various dimensions of the theories of consciousness in existing literature and proposes an integral theory that will incorporate most of the prominent existing theories. The theory Wilber proposes is an ‘Integral Theory of Consciousness’. Specifically, he reviews the cognitive science outlooks: introspectionism; neuropsychology; individual psychotherapy; social psychology; clinical psychiatry; developmental psychology; problematicRead MoreEssay on Peception Involves Bottom and Top Down Processing1999 Words   |  8 Pagesterm perception. Whilst science can implicitly explicate the visual system, visual perception is individual and thus subjective and susceptible to alteration; inferences about the processes involved in visual perception are therefore derived from theory, research and experiments. Ideas put forward about the processes involved are influenced by whether the primary goal of perception is considered to be action or recognition, and whether the direction information is seen as flowing up or down throughRead MoreAs Teachers To Be Effective In The Classroom, It Is Important1604 Words   |  7 Pagesteachers to be effective in the classroom, it is important that a range of strategies are used to ensure they learn effectively. This essays purpose is to relate this to the understanding of the main learning theories. This will also provide the opportunity to begin applying these theories in the classroom setting ,by using an essay, that works to analyse teaching practices. All the while being critical about one’s beliefs on learning as well as teaching. As well as considering the influence of developmentalRead MoreWhen Children Are Young Their Parents Are The Number One1617 Words   |  7 Pagesthose skills (van Steensel, 2006). From a young age, children’s home environment is one of the main determinants of later language and literacy skills (Di Santo, Timmons Pelletier, 2016). Although, as wi ll later be discussed, not all home environments are conducive to development which is due to an array of negative impacts on the home environment (Di Santo, Timmons Pelletier, 2016). Many researchers have attempted to operationalize the term â€Å"home literacy environment†, but it raises some difficultyRead MoreAnalysis Of Fanon s A Dying Colonialism Essay1624 Words   |  7 Pagesbut a process of â€Å"distoxification.† In this process the oppressed literally return the violence to the sender, thereby ending the self-destructive cycle of internalization or displacement of violence. In both of his major works, Fanon describes the active involvement in this process as essential part of the liberation of the self; as in his view, agency was central to self-actualization. However, in Fanon’s model, violence, which could plausibly be manifested on a symbolic rather than physical levelRead MoreAll Children Are Given The Same Opportunity1645 Words   |  7 Pagesactually realising it, I watched them flourish daily with their education and achieve constantly. Witnessing my children developing their own skills and becoming successful social bei ngs, always did and still does, fill me with joy. I have a very active role in the education of my children and I want to be able to provide other children with the same experiences to learning as I provide my own children. Upon qualifying as a teaching assistant, I was fascinated every day by children and what theyRead MoreThe Social Impact Of Voluntary Abstention From Social Networking Sites1292 Words   |  6 Pagesthat have often been raised include: do social networking sites isolate people and hinder their relationships? Or, are there any potential benefits associated with being connected to others in this way? Voluntary non-use – that is, a conscious and active rejection of social networking sites – is an equally informative line of inquiry. This paper will seek to explore the social impacts of voluntary abstention from social networking site Facebook – with specific emphasis on interpersonal relationships

Immanuel Kant s Categorical Imperative - 878 Words

I would not take any shoes or clothing to wear based on Kant’s categorical imperative: do what’s right no matter the cost, and utilitarianism: the greater good of the whole, altruism: love your neighbor. The problem in this scenario is that the counselors at the camp for needy children are stealing cloths and shoes that were donated for the children and are encouraging me to partake in taking the items as well. My solution to this problem would not only be not to participate, but to report the other counselors as well. I have a great deal of integrity. According to C.S. Lewis, â€Å"Integrity is doing the right thing, even when no one is watching.† The shoes and clothing are donated for the needy children attending the camp, therefore it would be wrong for me to take what does not belong to me. Immanuel Kant’s categorical imperative ethical perspective, is based on doing what’s right no matter what the cost. Our consciousness is our guide. My conscious would not allow me to do such thing. From a deontological point of view, it is my duty to do right no matter the cost. The second problem would be that not only are the other counselors breaking a rule they are committing a criminal act. Based on ethical pluralism, I would also approach this problem from a utilitarianism ethical perspective. Merton (1938) Social Structure and Anomie explains that when individuals (counselors) are faced with certain strains (low pay) they may get innovated and supplement their short comingsShow MoreRelatedJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism And Immanuel Kant s Categorical Imperative1487 Words   |  6 Pagesof moral philosophies one can align themselves with, but two major categories of moral philosophy are the most popular and the most debated. These are John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism and Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative. In looking at the three trolley cases, one can align themselves with either Mill, Kant or create their own perspective. Utilitarianism is defended by Mill in his writing entitled Utilitarianism. This method of deciphering good versus bad is rather simple. The PrincipleRead MoreKantian Ethics And The Categorical Imperative Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesPractical Reason Book, I, Immanuel Kant, a prominent late Enlightenment Era German philosopher discusses his most famous ethical theory, the â€Å"Categorical Imperative.† The â€Å"Categorical Imperative† is a proposed universal law in stating all humans are forbidden from certain actions regardless of consequences. Although this is the general definition of this ethical theory, the Categorical Imperative† exists in two above formulations, A strict interpretation of Categorical Imperative and a more liberal interpretationRead MoreThe Metaphysic Of Morals By Immanuel Kant1199 Words   |  5 PagesGroundwork for the Metaphysic of Morals by Immanuel Kant: A Reflection and Analysis Author name Name of institutionâ€Æ' In man’s attempt to figure out what is right or wrong, they have developed a number of systems that purportedly deal with such matters. Immanuel Kant expanded on his moral philosophy in his work, Groundwork for the Metaphysic of Morals. This paper will be a reflection upon Kantian ethical principles presented therein and their relation to what is generally called morality. PeopleRead MoreImmanuel Kant s Ethical Theory1527 Words   |  7 Pagesassess whether one s actions are just and whether we can truly make the right decision based on any ethical framework. An ethical structure such as Universalism, is most often associated with Immanuel Kant. Immanuel Kant was a philosopher of German descent, who lived from 1724- 1804 and was most notable for his work in ethics. Kant suggest that one should assess whether an act is right or wrong by weighing if it is honest, fair , respectful and just. Due to Immanuel Kant s frustration with theRead MoreKant And Mill On Animal Ethics Essay1365 Words   |  6 PagesIn this essay I will begin by explaining the overall views of Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill, then compare and contrast the ideas and philosophies of Kant and Mill on Animal Ethics. I believe that Kant, the deontologist, will not care as much about the duty/responsibility between humans and animals as Mill, the utilitarian, who will see the extreme importance of animal ethics. After studying and explaining the views and teachings of these two philosophers I will see if my thesis was correct,Read MoreJustified killing1476 Words   |  6 Pageshave defended the idea that the killing of an individual is morally wrong. Immanuel Kant is one of many philosophers who believed that certain types of actions including murder, theft, and lying are absolutely prohibited. Even in cases where the action would bring about more happiness then pain. According to Kant the ultimate end of the situation is not what matters most and what classifies something to be good or bad. Kant believed that the rightness or wrongness of an action is not determined basedRead MoreImmanuel Kant s Philosophy On Moral And Good And Evil Behavior1413 Words   |  6 Pagesaccording to Immanuel Kant, who is one of the most influential philosophers of all times, believes that human beings should not be making decisions based on the facts of a situation, but should ac t according to universal moral codes that apply in all situations regardless of the outcome. Kant refers to these universal moral codes as categorical imperatives and must be fully followed at all times across all circumstances. In his work, Groundwork of Metaphysic of Morals, Immanuel Kant talks about threeRead MoreCategorical Imperative2266 Words   |  10 Pagescategorical imperative n. In the ethical system of Immanuel Kant, an unconditional moral law that applies to all rational beings and is independent of any personal motive or desire QUICK FACTS * NAME:  Immanuel Kant * OCCUPATION:  Philosopher * BIRTH DATE:  April 22, 1724 * DEATH DATE:  February 12, 1804 * PLACE OF BIRTH:  Kaliningrad (now Konigsburg), Russia * PLACE OF DEATH:  Kaliningrad (now Konigsburg), Russia Profile Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724, in KaliningradRead MoreConcepts Of The Person : Subjectivity, Identity, And Personhood1836 Words   |  8 PagesPerson: Subjectivity, Identity, and Personhood Professor: Oli Stephano Immanuel Kant, â€Å"The Categorical Imperative† Amy Abdelrazeq and Michael Barzach â€Æ' Class Presentation Response to â€Å"The Categorical Imperative† by Immanuel Kant Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher known as the central figure of modern philosophy, was born on April 22, 1724. Philosophers such as Rene Descartes, David Hume, Aristotle, and Plato influenced Kant. Kant was interested in concepts such as what makes a decision moral vs. immoralRead MoreKant s Critique Of Pure Reason Essay1380 Words   |  6 PagesKant Modern Philosopher Immanuel Kant, was born in Prussia in 1724 and passed away in 1804. Kant wrote the famous book â€Å"A Critique Of Pure Reason† where he mentions and talks about David Hume, and how he himself was awoke from his stubborn beliefs. Many people find Kant’s Theory as a form deontological ethics; where actions of right and wrong. Does not depend on their consequences, but on whether they fulfill our duty and/or obligations. Immanuel Kant emphasized the idea that we have duties and

Epicurian free essay sample

UMC’s founding provost and former University Regent. He was one of the leading figures to have ever contributed to the foundation, formation, and development of the University. Another Name for the Sahlstrom hall room 107 is the â€Å"Epicurean room†. Epicureanism is a system of philosophy based upon the teachings of Epicurus, an old Greek Philosopher. He believed that pleasure is the greatest good and the way to attain pleasure was to live modestly and to gain knowledge of the workings of the world and the limits of one’s desires. That highest pleasure is also obtained by living a tranquil life and having no fear. In modern popular use, Epicureanism implies love or knowledgeable enjoyment especially of good food and drink. Many items, companies, and places related to food are named after Epicurus. Sahlstrom hall room 107 main functions are for classroom and HRI lab sessions under the department of technology. That room was certainly given that name of â€Å"epicurean room† due to its philosophical values and conceptions. We will write a custom essay sample on Epicurian or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Epicureanism posits pleasure, love, and knowledgeable enjoyment. It also portrays prudence and perceived excess as an important virtue. Freedom from fear and absence of pain is also expressed in this philosophy. All these combined together are conceived as the height of happiness. This symbolizes the room as being a place of goodness and positivity. It also creates a lovely atmosphere for students and professors for better interaction and application of their duties.

Global Warming and Enviromental Pollution Essay Example

Global Warming and Enviromental Pollution Paper The planet Earth is now warming at a faster rate than during any time in the previous thousand years; there can be little doubt that it is the human- race who are the primary culprits. Essentially, Global Warming is the heating up of our atmosphere thanks in large part to the build-up of green house gases. This warming of our atmosphere can lead to an increase in the earth’s overall temperature. This warming is caused by several varying factors such as burning fossil fuels, industry and agricultural processes initiated by unmans as well as natural and other gas emissions; collectively these factors are synonymous with the term ‘Green House Effects’. The damage these processes create could devastate our planet’s natural biological cycle’s which would encompass our very existence. Recognizing our role as the primary antagonist consequentially allows us to be activists against ourselves and develop methods and habits to help rejuvenate our planet and drastically aid in turning the tide of a possibly impending global and catastrophically altering planetary change. Chief among the issues at stake with regards to Global Warming is climate change thanks in part to greenhouse gases. Although human error is commonly cited as the only producer of green house gases, Earths natural environment is also a contributing factor. Greenhouse gases are common naturally occurring gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide but, human activities can considerably add to the extreme unnatural levels of these gases. Everything from driving cars, heating homes, and fueling factories; humans are constantly involved in contributing to greenhouse missions and alternatively leading to more problems and a excess strain on our environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Enviromental Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Enviromental Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Global Warming and Enviromental Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Factories alone account for more than 80% of today’s carbon dioxide emissions. Global warming has a profound effect on nature as well as mankind. It can add to a longer life cycle of a disease or produce favorable conditions for germs to thrive year round because of the increase in temperature. Global warming can bring about a higher precipitation percentage in an ecosystem, which could enable infectious diseases to be contracted and spread at a more rapid rate. These factors could impact unman health and are already being detected globally. Animal habitats can be effected because most animals need certain temperatures to thrive and if a particular species decides to relocate due to the conditions it takes their link out of the food chain and therefore puts a break in the cycle; that may contribute to smaller numbers Of species that feeds on them or even a increase in the organ ism that the species that vacated fed on. * Not only does global warming affect the biotic (living organisms) of the planet, it also effects and changes the biotic portions of each and every ecosystem as well. All over the world millions of acres of forest are burning due to increasing temperatures taking away habitats for a plethora of species. It can also change the chemical composition or make-up of an area. In addition, when temperatures increase tide levels and ocean wave patterns tend to change. When temperatures increase higher levels of salt water are produced from evaporation. When waters are more potent with salt it can erode beach front and vegetation along the shores at an accelerated rate. The evaporation which contributes to the problem is collected by our atmosphere and can cause an increase in rainfall for an area. This, consequentially, highlights a previously mentioned side effect as an increase in infectious diseases. The precipitation could also decrease or alter the quality of crops produced and, if it gets to the point crops are dying because of environmental change, may cause us to not only a permanent change our diet but also adapt as a species. Though natural in its process, this devastating phenomenon exacerbated by humans is creating a new, unnatural cycle that has the potential to affect every aspect Of our world. The worlds government’s and people therein eave the ability and the need to help curb the impact of global warming. Simplistic changes in our routines and daily life styles choices of each person, such as carpooling, energy efficiency, reducing the carbon footprint of vehicles or buying one that is more CEO-friendly are easily attainable. It is the government can play a substantial part in the prevention of global warming by implementing new laws to develop better controls and regulations on emission standards for most industries. This will reduce the amount of pollutants that are allowed to be released into the atmosphere. Although true damage from emissions depends on factors like demographics, economy, technology and, the development of new laws or policies, people can at least slow the effects for now so they don’t reach epic levels. Current predictions for the future of earth don’t look good with carbon dioxide levels projected to be 30-150% higher in 2100 than what it is today. If carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases continue to spill into the atmosphere, global temperatures could rise five to ten degrees by the middle of next century. If precautions are not taken and a renewable clean energy is not identified and new regulations/controls are not implemented to decrease or alter our usage of currently available fossil fuels and the destruction of forests worldwide then, our planet could become uninhabitable sooner than later. * An ever increasing range of options deemed necessary in counteracting the effects of global warming are becoming a mainstay in worldwide societies. Because of the recent attention Global Warming as a whole has received, activists are increasing their campaigns geared towards knowledge Of our environment and how it affects our daily lives. A good tarring point in the push towards awareness would be a sort of ‘rejuvenation campaign’ highlighting energy saving and even recycling especially in the context of today’s perilous economies. Governments could contribute by developing and supporting the production and generation of renewable energy which in turn is a good way of reducing greenhouse gases and the damaging effects of global warming. â€Å"New† renewable energy alternatives currently contribute only a tiny portion of the total energy demands. However, as with most new ideals and habits and given as much as twenty ears, full assimilation to include continuous use of these renewable resources show a future impact with better-than-expected projections because the increase in output may change key facto rs and make a more substantial dent in counteracting Greenhouse Effects. Some resources identified for development are ocean waves, wind, bio fuels, and other nature induced processes. The oceans have the potential to provide a significant percentage of energy output requirements and, ongoing studies are mapping this resource in great detail. Governments are increasingly looking towards mind power and other renewable energy sources to combat increasing greenhouse gases and curb global warming to acceptable levels. People are actually in favor of wind energy, but the environmental impact of wind farms could be a barrier to future developments especially with its inconsistent output factor. Global warming is now a major problem as the Earth’s population and industrial needs increase. When more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane are released because of the needs of the population (and as an effect, heightened production from industries), they rap heat rays and keep them in the earth’s atmosphere which in turn spikes the temperature. These increases in the Earth’s temperature are what are causing the most damage to the planet; even small increases can have a significant, long term impact on our environment. Only a few degrees allegedly led to the end of the ice age over several thousand years ago. Another warming cycle like that could have a huge environmental effect on us causing glaciers to melt into ice caps, and effectively raising the levels of the world’s oceans. In order to stop global warming there’s a lot to maintain and ark on but the task is not going to be reversed completely. Humans need to take some of the first steps in healing our environment and stop capricious emissions of fossil fuels – our biggest factor in the amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Controlling these emissions is the first of many steps necessary that we must take in order to combat this potentially disastrous problem. If left unchecked and no controls are implemented now, then our lives and livelihood will no doubt be disrupted, drastically altered or completely disappear as a result of a mere change we could have made in our lily lives. It’s an unbearable thought if we cannot protect one of our most precious resources, our planet Earth.

Animal Instincts Essays

Animal Instincts Essays Animal Instincts Essay Animal Instincts Essay Essay Topic: The Beast in the Jungle During this adrenaline-filled moment for Jack, hunting is not a priority, but an obsessive activity. Over the short time span on the remote island, Jack quickly loses his sense of civilization and is transforming Into his animal self. The illustration of Jack as a non- human proves his evolution from a disciplined boy to an animate creature. Jacks incredible athletic ability, like a night creature, to move five yards forward easily and without struggle, like a cold-blooded animal, Is obvious. Furthermore, Gilding enervates Jacks animal-like Instincts by using a metaphor to compare Jack to a living thing from the wild. He closed his eyes, raised his head, and breathed In gently with flared nostrils, assessing the current of warm alarm for Information (48). Exactly Like an animal, Jack, using not only his sense of sight but his sense of smell, Is visualized as a beast sniffing the atmosphere as If he Is hunting for his prey. Gilding depicts Jack In this setting as If he Is describing another creature. Being on the Island for a couple of says has dramatically evolved Jack Into a beastie or a primitive form of man. Additionally, the author successfully carries through the beast In Jack by using Imagery and a simile to produce a negative and frightful Image for the reader. He passed Like a shadow under the darkness of the tree and crouched, looking down at the trodden ground at his feet (49). With Jacks quick and swift movements, he Is not seen In the Jungle. Gilding denotes Jacks descent Into savagery. The creation of an animal figure In replacement for Jack Is relevant. Moreover, Gilding attempts to paint a picture of Jack In an animal form as a crouched being Like how most villous and frightening animals are seen to be. This clearly demonstrates the foreshadowing of the change among the boys on the Isolated Island Into savages. Imagery, metaphors and similes are used by Gilding In this allegory to Illustrate the animal that Jack has become over the short time span that Is spent on the Isolated Island. By dingy civilization and is transforming into his animal self. The illustration of Jack as a non- unman proves his evolution from a disciplined boy to an animate creature. Jacks without struggle, like a cold-blooded animal, is obvious. Furthermore, Gilding generates Jacks animal-like instincts by using a metaphor to compare Jack to a living thing from the wild. He closed his eyes, raised his head, and breathed in gently with flared nostrils, assessing the current of warm air for information (48). Exactly like an animal, Jack, using not only his sense of sight but his sense of smell, is visualized as a east sniffing the atmosphere as if he is hunting for his prey. Gilding depicts Jack in this setting as if he is describing another creature. Being on the island for a couple of days has dramatically evolved Jack into a beastie or a primitive form of man. Additionally, the author successfully carries through the beast in Jack by using imagery and a simile to produce a negative and frightful image for the reader. He passed like a shadow under the darkness of the tree and crouched, looking down at the trodden ground at his feet (49). With Jacks quick and swift movements, he is not seen in the Jungle. Gilding denotes Jacks descent into savagery. The creation of an animal figure in replacement for Jack is relevant. Moreover, Gilding attempts to paint a picture of Jack in an animal form as a crouched being like how most vicious and the change among the boys on the isolated island into savages. Imagery, metaphors and similes are used by Gilding in this allegory to illustrate the animal that Jack has become over the short time span that is spent on the isolated island.

Management Information Systems Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Management Information Systems - Research Paper Example 1.4 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM The Management Information System is an application program designed to produce predesigned and predefined reports for the use of people responsible for the management. These reports are generally analytical information based on following parameters:- Periods: Daily, weekly, monthly, yearly and periodical. Trends: Upward, downward, straight. Movement: Fast, slow, normal Comparison: based on past and present data Age: Based on 30 days, 60 days, 90 days and older Exceptions: Based on if and then conditions. Chapter 2 Management Information System Development Phases Understanding the development process of MIS An information system is developed and designed by going through number of processes and phases. It is important to understand them so that we can asses the true value of the system on one hand and determine needs for improvement on the other hand.. An entirely new solution based on latest technology involves number of phases for planning, organiz ing, executing and controlling to achieve the required quality software. There are also constraints of time, money / budget and quality. The Management Information System is developed after going through the following phases: 2.1 REQUIREMENT GATHERING In this phase, all the users are interviewed for gathering information about the requirements, the existing software are studied simultaneously and details of the requirements are noted down. A Software Requirement Specification (SRS) document is prepared from the data collected has deliverables:- i. Business Requirements ii. Functional Specification iii. Non-Functional Specification iv. Use Case Diagram v. Usage Scenarios The above documents are formally reviewed in a meeting for discussion and final approval. 2.2 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS... An information system is developed and designed by going through the number of processes and phases. It is important to understand them so that we can assess the true value of the system on one hand and determine needs for improvement on the other hand. An entirely new solution based on latest technology involves the number of phases for planning, organizing, executing and controlling to achieve the required quality software. There are also constraints of time, money/budget, and quality. The Management Information System is developed after going through the following phases:REQUIREMENT GATHERINGIn this phase, all the users are interviewed for gathering information about the requirements, the existing software is studied simultaneously and details of the requirements are noted down. A Software Requirement Specification (SRS) document is prepared from the data collected has deliverables:-i. Business Requirementsii. Functional Specificationiii. Non-Functional Specificationiv. Use Case D iagramv. Usage ScenariosThe above documents are formally reviewed in a meeting for discussion and final approval.DESIGN AND ANALYSISIn this phase, the requirements gathered are analyzed and a design is made for the construction of the software consisting of following deliverables:i. Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)ii. Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)iii. Activity Diagramiv. Sequence Diagramv. Architectural Diagramvi. Class Diagramvii. Database Designviii. User Interface Designix. Deployment Diagramx. Test Cases

1.Phytochemicals Discussion .2.Foods and Cancer Prevention Essay

1.Phytochemicals Discussion .2.Foods and Cancer Prevention - Essay Example A group of phytochemicals are collectively called Flavonoids. These are compounds with varied chemical structures present in fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds. The major flavonoid categories are flavonols, flavones, catechins, flavanones and anthocyanins. The main dietary sources of these compounds are tea, onions, soy and wine. The main flavonoid in onions is quercetin glucoside and the main flavonoid in tea is quercetin rutinoside. Flavonoid intake has been inversely linked with coronary heart disease in the Zutphen Elderly Study, the Seven Countries Study and a cohort study in Finland all of which have been reviewed and accepted by the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition and American Heart Association – both organizations that are highly credible. Also, the incidence of ovarian cancer may be reduced with increased consumption of dietary flavonoids, according to researchers from Brigham and Womens Hospital and the Harvard School of Public Health. The study looked at food intake surveys and ovarian cancer data from 66,384 participants in the Harvard Nurses Health Study, which collected health data from 121,700 women over a period of 30 years. This is the first prospective analysis of flavonoid intake and ovarian cancer incidence. (in Donovan, 2004) According to the article by Steinmetz and Potter (1996), there have been several studies trying to establish a relationship between vegetable and fruit consumption with the risk of cancer. After having compared the studies, it was established that the perceived benefits of eating vegetables and fruits especially with cancer protection was consistent in the studies. Asides from these, there are also associated benefits including protection against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, obesity, diverticulosis, and cataracts. A raw carrot (per 100 grams of edible portion) contain: Water 88g; Protein 1.0g; Total lipid

Writing an excellent outcome Essay Example for Free

Writing an excellent outcome Essay Always remember that the experiences and outcomes should have an impact on classroom practice and learning. The outcomes should not be written in the form of assessment criteria, nor should they constrain learning. Every outcome should therefore be tested against the following criteria: 1. It should express learning that is clear to the teacher, and where possible the young person. This will promote the application of formative assessment strategies. 2. It should indicate the purpose of the outcome and/or direct the selection of learning activities for all children and young people. 3. It should allow evaluation of the outcome. In other words, it should be clear from the outcome what evidence might be observed to demonstrate progress by the child or young person. Also bear in mind that there is no intention to produce an elaborated curriculum. Outcomes should therefore offer and support opportunities for enrichment and development for those young people with additional support needs who may not progress beyond the first levels. As you complete blocks of work a further test is to consider the extent to which you have prioritised and simplified existing guidance and to ask yourself if any changes are robust and justifiable. As a general rule outcomes should begin with the ‘I can’ stem. Experiences describe purposeful and worthwhile tasks, activities or events that contribute to motivation, personal development and learning. As a general rule they should be signalled using the ‘I have’ stem. The following additional general parameters will help you get started. †¢ Simplification and prioritisation should result in time and space being made to operate the seven principles of curriculum design. For example, teachers should have time for greater depth of study, to introduce topics or ideas in a relevant context or to respond to local events or circumstances and to ensure progression. †¢ Assume your outcomes can be taught within the time allocations typically applied in schools at present.   Some outcomes should ask young people to draw together, consolidate and synthesise their earlier learning in some way e. g. by summarising, generalising or applying earlier learning.   You should aim to embed cross-curricular aspects, including skills, within the outcomes. To help you a cross curricular skills set is being identified. The’ Core Skills’ of Communication, Numeric, Information Technology, Problem Solving and Working with Others are part of the National Qualifications framework. In due course the two sets will be assimilated. Skills will be embedded in the outcomes using the skills reference set.   Progression within and between levels will be indicated through the chosen content or context. During the next stage you will be refining the outcomes and experiences in light of feedback and these will be built up into a database. This is under development, and may include the following fields: Curriculum area and level, Outcomes, Links with the 4 capacities, Links with cross-cutting themes, Links with other curriculum areas and Links with the skills set. There will be important work to ensure that cross-curricular aspects including skills development are being addressed in a consistent and coherent way across the entire curriculum. The quality assurance process Please remember that until final versions of the guidelines are prepared, all work is ‘works in progress and therefore subject to scrutiny and change. While work is in preparation for engagement it should be treated with an appropriate level of confidentiality. Opportunities will be found to bring all writers together from time to time to compare notes on progress to allow debate and challenge and to ensure everyone feels supported as part of a bigger team.

African Archaeology :: Africa African Archaeology Essays

1) Metallurgical Origins in Africa Introduction The study of metallurgy in Africa has been dominated by a concern with origins and antiquity. Some Anthropologists believe that African metallurgy was an early, independent invention, while others believe that it was an innovation, which came relatively late, and was a product of diffusion. With these two hypotheses as our only reference points, we are limited in our knowledge of metallurgy as well as its role in the lives of African people. Anthropologists often find themselves in the predicament of being presented with a small number of precedent theories, which shape and direct further studies. Diffusionism J.O. Vogel, in an article published in the Encyclopedia of Precolonial Africa (1991) entitled â€Å"Copper Metallurgy,† took the diffusionist theory of African metallurgy as a given, stating that â€Å"The ultimate source of sub-Saharan metallurgy has not been conclusively identified, but among the most likely source areas are Carthage or southern Morocco via Berber traders crossing the Sahara.† (Vogel, 1997: 125) This author was working within the framework of diffusionist ideas, leaving little room for alternate theories. James Woodhouse, however, a proponent of Indigenism, discusses the logistics of this theory, citing references that suggest that smelting in Carthage only appeared in the early first millennium B.C., making diffusion into Nigeria, and lands further south, difficult in such a short time, if not impossible. More explicitly, Vogel states that â€Å"Copper metallurgy was invented in Eurasia, and began before 6000 B.C,† (Vogel, 1997: 125) and place s the first evidences of African smelting between 900 and 300 B.C. (Vogel, 1997: 126). Without any specific physical evidence cited to this effect, the argument lacks a certain amount of credibility. Another model, which is inherent of diffusionist theory, is that of â€Å"progressive development.† It seems to be a trend in much of Western thought that societies must undergo certain stages of development to qualify as civilizations. The theory proposes that when faced with a new technology, people will automatically embrace it in order to â€Å"better† themselves, and to move up on the ladder of civilization. Proponents of the progressive development theory see any deviation from this pattern as problematic and anomalous. This is shown in the terminology used by certain anthropologists when describing such deviations. In the case of African metallurgy, any society, which does not produce metals, or does not embrace the technology immediately, is seen as facing some sort of â€Å"barrier.

Improve Efficiency Essay

A very high percentage of the items selected (picked) in the distribution centers and re-stocked in the stores were in quantities of 1 case. This company’s roots were as a high volume, limited assortment retailer and distributor. Over time the business had shifted allowing the stores to reorder a higher mix of items at lower volumes. Given the companies market position as a low-price leader, this reduced profit margins. The two root causes of this shift were identified as: 1. Stock-keeping-unit (SKU) count growth outpacing sales growth, and 2. Allowing minimum order quantities from the stores to the distribution centers to drop to a quantity of one This white paper will study how this company quantified the impact of allowing its stores to order in one case quantity and then recalculated minimum order quantities for higher volume items. (For details of how SKUs were reduced see White Paper â€Å"SKU Reduction – Biggest SKLUsers†) A Supply Velocity Consultant led a team of employees through this 5 week project. The Supply Velocity consultant facilitated, but the employees did most of the analysis and therefore owned the improvements. nfo@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 2 Project Outline ? Evaluated all SKUs and the case quantity they are most frequently ordered at, to establish baseline data for how stores are ordering ? Time studied retail store shelf restocking and distribution center order selection labor to determine the negative labor productivity impact of the current ordering policy o Graphed the results in a trend chart o Determined that the greatest labor productivity improvement happens when the order quantity increases from just 1 to 2 cases ? Recalculated minimum order quantity for all items using Multi-Variable Pareto analysis based on: o Item unit movement o Pack-out (number of units that fit on the shelf space allocated in stores) o Shelf life ? About 20% of all SKUs had a re-calculated minimum order quantity greater than 1 case o The most conservative methods were used to ensure this project didn’t just push inventory out to stores, resulting in shrink (throwing away items that go beyond their shelf-life limit or are damaged) ? Communicated all items on the minimum order quantity to all stores through a comprehensive communication plan o Communication plan included data to show stores how increasing minimum order quantity on select items would improve their labor productivity ? Created a control plan to ensure new items, SKU reduction and sales history will be used to update the minimum order quantity on a twice yearly basis info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 3 Time Study Analysis To quantify the problem, we time studied order selection in the distribution centers and shelf restocking in retail stores. We conducted a few snapshot analyses of different distribution centers to understand the current state of â€Å"order quantities†. The graph below shows that out of the approximately 2800 items, a majority are ordered in quantities of 1 case. The time study data also showed that the second case selected or stocked is essentially â€Å"free† and the same movement is used for two cases as for one case. At the outset of this project the team was worried that any increase in minimum order quantity would be viewed by store managers as an attempt to push inventory out from the distribution centers to the stores. This data showed that increasing minimum order quantity from one case to just two, gave us the greatest percentage of labor productivity improvement. However, we didn’t just want to increase all items to a 2 case minimum order quantity. Instead, a statistical tool, Multi-Variable Pareto was used to calculate the proper minimum order quantity based on a mix of inputs. nfo@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 4 Distribution Center Order Selection Quantity (# of items picked per quantity) 57% of the items in distribution centers were selected at a 1 case quantity info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 5 â€Å"Time to Select per Case Quantity† in the Distribution Centers – Based on case count per selection When selecting 2 cas es of an item, the time per case drops by 45% from 1 case. info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 6 Time to Re-Stock SKUs on Shelves in Stores – Based on case count When restocking 2 cases of an item, the time per case drops by 61% from 1 case. This shows that the greatest productivity improvement occurs when going from 1 to 2 cases, which is easier to â€Å"sell† to the stores than making large increases in minimum order quantity. They can reduce labor by 37 seconds per case by ordering and stocking 2 cases of an item versus 1. info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 7 Multi Variable Pareto Analysis ? Recalculated minimum order quantity for all items using Multi-Variable Pareto analysis based on: o Item unit movement o Pack-out (number of units that fit on the shelf space allocated in stores) o Shelf life ? About 20% of all SKUs had a re-calculated minimum order quantity greater than 1 case o The most conservative methods were used to ensure this project didn’t just push inventory out to stores, resulting in shrink Multi-Variable Pareto is a method that uses more than one â€Å"measure† to sort SKUs from highest to lowest performing. Normal Pareto Analysis has been used to develop guidelines such as the 80/20 rule (20% of customers generate 80% of sales). When using multiple variables, there has to be a way to normalize the data so all variables are part of the analysis. We used three variables to determine the correct minimum order quantity for an item. ? Cases sold per week on average for each item ? The number of cases that fit in the given shelf space ? Product shelf-life Each of these variables are positively correlated to Minimum Order Quantity. ? The higher the cases sold equals higher Order Quantity ? The greater the shelf space (pack-out) equals higher Order Quantity ? The longer the item’s shelf-life equals higher Order Quantity The team of subject matter experts used retail experience to determine each of these factors and their impact on minimum order quantity. Results of this analysis are shown below. The calculation was very conservative, as the results have shown. Only 466 of 2800 items have a minimum order quantity greater than 1 case. This was largely driven by two factors. Item shelf-life limited our ability to make any shelf-life sensitive item greater than 1 case. Our calculation took this limiting factor into account, to ensure we weren’t causing shrink (throwing away items that go beyond their shelf-life limit or are damaged) at the stores. In addition, lower case movement drove many items to a 1 case minimum, even if they didn’t have shelf life limitations. The lower case movement is due to SKU proliferation and was addressed by the SKU Reduction (Biggest SKLUsers) project. info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 8 Results of Minimum Order Quantity Calculation info@supplyvelocity. om Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 9 Communication & Control Plan ? Communicated with all retail stores about how the minimum order quantity analysis was conducted and the resulting new plan o Communication plan included data to show stores that increasing minimum order quantity on select items would improve their labor productivity ? Created a control plan so new items, SKU reduction and sales history will update the minimum order quantity on a twice yearly basis It was critical that this project was presented as a positive for our retail store-customers. We created a communication plan that showed two key aspects of this change: ? The conservative nature of the change o only 466 of 2800 items are receiving a minimum order quantity increase ? This change is good for the stores and will improve their labor productivity To ensure that this process endures and does not get reversed over time we included a control plan. This is shown in the graphic below. As Category Marketing Managers evaluate items, adding and reducing SKUs, changes will be reflected in new pack-out quantities. This quantity will get fed to Distribution Technology who will recalculate this items’ minimum order quantity using the same Multi-Variable Pareto calculation. A control group, made up of Merchandising, Distribution and Retail Directors will review the list, make changes in the ordering system and communicate changes to store customers. info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 10 Results By taking the higher sales volume SKUs and increasing the store minimum order quantity, we decreased the time per case to stock shelves in the stores and select items in the distribution centers. Using only the 1 to 2 case increase in minimum order quantity for the 466 SKUs reduced the labor time per case resulting in a labor savings of $1. 2 million. The expectation for this process is to slowly grow the number items with a minimum order quantity greater than 1 case beyond 20%. By rationalizing and reducing SKUs we should increase the shelf pack-out of remaining items, thereby increasing the minimum order quantity.

Honda Civic EX vs Honda Civic Hybrid Fuel Mileage

Here at Hybrid Cars and Alt Fuels, we field a lot of questions about hybrids, and probably the most common of all is simply, Are they really worth it? Do hybrids really get that much better fuel mileage than regular cars--and is it enough to justify their price premium? Well, we always do a number crunch as part of our hybrid reviews, but weve never actually done a real side-by-side comparison, instead relying on EPA mileage estimates of the non-hybrid versus our observed hybrid model fuel mileage to draw conclusions. This works pretty well, but the more I (Scott) thought about it, the more I wanted to do a little street test of my own to see whats what in the real world. So, I needed a car that is offered in both conventional and hybrid drivetrains, and I needed to put them both through the same types of driving conditions--and carefully track all data--to get as close as possible to an apples-to-apples comparison. This testorama would give me a good solid no arguments here body of data to unequivocally say X car in hybrid dress performed this way against X car with a regular engine. Having recently completed a test drive of the 2008 Honda Civic Hybrid (in which I did extensive fuel mileage tracking), I decided that this car and its popular and efficient (and comparably equipped) brother, the Honda Civic EX, would be my guinea pigs. Honda agreed and sent over a beautiful Alabaster Silver 2008 Civic EX sedan, and I commenced to drive. I was pretty confident that Id be able to handily beat the EPA estimates in the EX by simply employing some of my favorite Thrifty-Drive techniques--the same I used when test driving the Civic Hybrid. Ive been steadily honing these skills over the years and its gotten to the point that I can best the EPAs numbers by 15 percent or more for any given vehicle. I just slow down and drive gently, which ironically enough, gets me there in just about the same amount of time as aggressive yellow-light-running driving does, but at a much better bang-for-the-buck-for-the-minute rate. The Drivetrains Honda Civic EX: My tester EX came outfitted with the standard 140 hp 1.8-liter iVTEC 4-cylinder engine and optional 5-speed automatic transmission. Its a nice package with plenty of power and great fuel economy numbers, thanks to Hondas thrifty variable valve timing scheme. The EPA gives the EX 25/36/29 city/highway/combined ratings. Honda Civic Hybrid: The hybrid version gets its very own purpose-built drivetrain package consisting of a 110 hp 1.3-liter 4-cylinder engine and electric motor combination that transfers power to the wheels through a CVT transmission. EPA ratings for this package come in at 40/45/42 city/highway/combined. For more info on how this unique drivetrain works, see our 2008 Honda Civic Hybrid test drive and review. The Tests Because of the nature of pure city driving, with its short distances between numerous starts and stops, its difficult to employ Thrifty-Drive techniques and improve on EPA ratings. For this reason, I limited my mileage compares to all-highway and then combined (an assortment of roadways and traffic conditions) situations, and I further divided them by eco-styles and normal styles. I suppose at this point, its important to define what I call normal driving. In short, its aggressive behavior that I observe during my daily travels out on the roads with thousands of other motorists: jack rabbit starts ... not slowing (or worse, accelerating) on highway exit ramps ... speeding to stop signs (and then jamming-on the brakes at the last moment) ... and of course, my favorite shake-my-head-maneuver, constantly jockeying and darting to get ahead of the next guy. The Four Tests and Results All mileage numbers are expressed in miles per gallon: Normal combined -- jaunts driving like normal motorists described above. EX--32.2, Hybrid--41.5 Normal highway -- long freeway runs using no cruise and changing lanes frequently to keep pace with the fastest traffic (usually between 75 and 80 mph). EX--36.6, Hybrid--49.1 Eco combined -- everyday trips using the eco-techniques described in Scotts Thrifty-Drive. EX--37.4, Hybrid--48.7 Eco highway -- long highway jaunts with cruise set at a steady 61 mph. EX--42.3, Hybrid--54.7 Interpreting the Results These test results leave little doubt that the Honda Civic (hybrid or no) gets excellent fuel economy. Even when driven hard, I still was able to pretty much beat EPA ratings across-the-board. My experience has usually been that the more fuel-efficient a vehicle is, the less adversely its fuel economy is affected by aggressive driving habits. Conversely, economy cars respond better to eco-driving techniques than their large, less efficient counterparts. While both cars responded well to eco-driving, the EX did a little better in the combined mileage tests, whereas the hybrid aced the highway improvements. What gives here? It seems to me that the engine-only EX is more readily influenced by easy driving/light throttle techniques in combined roadway conditions where the engine could/would be more taxed during frequent acceleration. On the highway, a steady throttle can only do so much. On the other hand, on combined roadways in the hybrid, the electric motor mitigates some of the drivers influence for easing load on the engine (the hybrid system does it automatically). But on the open highway, the combination of the engines cylinder deactivation and steady electric motor assist allows the engine to work with minimal fuel use. So, Is the Hybrid Civic Really Worth It? In most cases, I think so, and under the right conditions, absolutely. Just look at the fuel mileage numbers. The hybrid bested the EX in every category, some by a larger percentage than others. Depending on the types of driving conditions/styles the Civic Hybrid owner would most regularly encounter, pay back time will likely fall within a four to six and a half year period of ownership. (Based upon $3055 hybrid price premium, $525 hybrid tax credit *ends 12/08*, 15,000 miles/year travel and gasoline $3.95/gallon).